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Spectroscopy-01-01-2017

Spectroscopy

Determination of Low Levels of Chromium in Biological Samples by ICP-MS Using Hydrogen as a Reaction Gas

January 01, 2017

Special Features

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Chromium is a key ingredient in a number of metal alloys used for metal implants which, despite being coated with inert surface layer coatings, can break down over time as a result of biocorrosion. Leeching of metal ions from implants into surrounding bone, tissue, and body fluids can cause severe health problems. Although the toxicity of the metal is low, there is a potential health risk if chromium ions enter the body. In ICP-MS, the chromium (52Cr) signal can be affected by interference from the recombination of background plasma 40Ar and sample-specific matrix 12C. To eliminate this interference, hydrogen can be used in the iCRC as a reaction gas to allow accurate analysis of 52Cr. Results using certified clinical standards of chromium in blood, plasma, urine, and serum clearly demonstrate the benefit of using hydrogen as a collision gas to remove the argon-carbide polyatomic interference. This study shows that ICP-MS is an essential tool for clinical monitoring of metal ions in complex matrices and that hydrogen iCRC gas allowed for greater accuracy and a lower level of quantitation in clinical matrices.

Automated Flow Injection Coupled with ICP-MS for the Online Determination of Trace Silver in Seawater

January 01, 2017

Peer-Reviewed Article

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Measuring silver (Ag) in seawater is challenging. A sensitive analytical procedure, using a simple automated flow injection system online coupled with ICP-MS, which is easy to be installed in an ordinary ICP-MS lab, is reported in this paper. Parameters including flow rate and duration, and the effects of the pH and dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentration and salinity were investigated. The standard addition method was used for the quantification. The linear range of the method was up to 1000 ng kg-1. For samples with various salinities the RSDs were

The C-O Bond, Part I: Introduction and the Infrared Spectroscopy of Alcohols

January 01, 2017

IR Spectral Interpretation

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We now turn our attention to the C-O bond, how to detect its presence in a sample from an infrared (IR) spectrum, and a study of the functional groups that contain this bond. In this first installment on the topic, we study the spectra of alcohols and learn to distinguish primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols from each other based on their infrared spectra.

Next-Generation Mid-Infrared Chemical and Biological Sensors: Combining Quantum Cascade Lasers with Thin-Film and Hollow Waveguides

January 01, 2017

Columns: Lasers and Optics Interface

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Mid-infrared (MIR, 3-20 µm) sensor platforms are increasingly adopted in chem/bio analytics, and applied in areas ranging from process monitoring to medical diagnostics. Due to the inherent access to molecule-specific fingerprints via well-pronounced fundamental vibrational, rotational, and roto-vibrational transitions, quantitative information at ppm to ppb concentration levels and beyond is achievable in solids, liquids, and gases. In particular, the combination of quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) with correspondingly tailored waveguide technologies serving as optical transducers – thin-film waveguides for liquid/solid phase analysis, and substrate-integrated hollow waveguides for gaseous samples – facilitates miniaturizable and integrated optical chem/bio sensors and diagnostics applicable in, e.g., exhaled breath analysis, food safety, and environmental monitoring.

Measuring Wheat Flour Purity Using Quantitative NIR Chemical Imaging

January 01, 2017

Spectroscopy Spotlight

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Isolating material of commercial value from solid natural products presents a challenge for many spectroscopic techniques. Near-infrared (NIR) chemical imaging makes it possible to obtain spectra from individual pixels within a field of view for analysis of complex, heterogeneous mixtures.

Vol 32 No 1 Spectroscopy January 2017 Regular Issue PDF

January 01, 2017

Issue PDF

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Click the title above to open the Spectroscopy January 2017 regular issue, Vol 32 No 1, in an interactive PDF format.

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