Infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analysis technique used in the semiconductor industry to ensure the quality of silicon and silicon wafers. The authors discuss the use of an inexpensive, lab-based system to measure carbon and oxygen concentrations in silicon to the level of precision required by the solar silicon industry.
This article reviews the principles and major applications of step-scan Fourier transformyy}infrared spectroscopy, an important means for solving challenging problems in many areas of science and technology.
For the optimization of photodynamic therapy the spectroscopic detection of photosensitizer molecules, which are selectively enriched in tumour cells, can be useful.
This article discusses direct real-time monitoring of chemical reactions, an important tool in industrial processes in industries such as chemical, biotechnology, food, and pharmaceutical.
Since it was first described in 1974, surface-enhanced Raman spectrometry (SERS) has been thought to offer significant potential for a range of different applications. The theoretical sensitivity and specificity envisaged for this powerful technique has engaged scientists for many years, but practical challenges have hindered its routine adoption. Now, a new approach combines a robust and reliable substrate with expertise in surface chemistry and molecular biology on a platform that can be adapted for a wide variety of Raman instrumentation and customized routine applications.
Handheld Raman spectrometers are now designed and built for practical everyday use in a vast array of applications. The new BRAVO by Bruker takes handheld Raman Spectroscopy to a new level, overcoming the limitations of previously available systems such as limited wavelength accuracy, non-safe laser usage and fluorescence interference. Now with BRAVO wavelength accuracy is significantly better than competitive devices resulting in the highest data consistency and the BRAVO incorporates new technology called Sequentially Shifted Excitation (SSE™) to mitigate fluorescence.
The authors discuss the use of high-resolution LC-MS to analyze complex samples in regulated environments such as food and animal-feed analysis.
The authors discuss the use of electron-capture dissociation coupled with a linear ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometer to investigate the structure of human transferrin.
The authors investigated the analytical capabilities of three types of mass analyzers for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) applications, studying the effects of instrument parameters and issues related to sample preparation on the performance of LC-MS analytical methods.
This article provides an overview of the instrument platforms, tools, and workflow for analyzing pesticides.
Raman imaging has moved on. It is now possible to capitalize on the wealth of information available from a Raman spectrum by imaging materials over large areas, with the spatial resolution, spectral resolution, and laser excitation parameters tailored to suit each application. Raman experiments and images from a diverse range of samples are presented.
This study focuses on United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Method 524.3 for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in water using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS).
The authors discuss the use of electron-capture dissociation coupled with a linear ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometer to investigate the structure of human transferrin.
A new high-throughput LC–MS/MS method meets the challenge of eliminating matrix effects for monitoring, with high specificity, polar organic pesticides such as glyphosate in food and water, while meeting targeted limits of detection.
Although not currently used in U.S. or European aquaculture, malachite green (MG) is still an effective and inexpensive fungicide that is used in other countries, particularly in Asia. During metabolism, MG reduces to leucomalachite green (LMG) (Figure 1), which has been shown to accumulate in fatty fish tissues. Trace levels of MG and LMG residues continue to be found in fish products. In a 2005 report, MG was found in 18 out of 27 live eel or eel products imported from China to Hong Kong local market and food outlets, resulting in a government recall and destruction of all remaining products (1).
The authors discuss a new approach to the control of spectral overlap interferences in inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry.
The authors introduce a compact ECD device coupled to a linear ion trap time-of-flight instrument, and use it to analyze protein phosphorylation in both offline and online modes.
Part II of the two-part series continues the discussion on the interpretation of confocal Raman data, including how depth resolution is degraded when focusing deep within a sample and how intensity variations can occur when focusing near a sample's surface.
The authors discuss analytical methods for lipidomics.
Drinking water is an important part of environmental exposure, especially for small children. Countries around the world have put regulations in place to monitor drinking water quality for a wide range of hazardous compounds.
The authors show that high resolution 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can be used to study biofilm metabolism under environmentally relevant conditions in a minimally invasive way.
Although not currently used in U.S. or European aquaculture, malachite green (MG) is still an effective and inexpensive fungicide that is used in other countries, particularly in Asia. During metabolism, MG reduces to leucomalachite green (LMG) (Figure 1), which has been shown to accumulate in fatty fish tissues. Trace levels of MG and LMG residues continue to be found in fish products. In a 2005 report, MG was found in 18 out of 27 live eel or eel products imported from China to Hong Kong local market and food outlets, resulting in a government recall and destruction of all remaining products (1).
The United States Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has been applying standoff laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to hazardous material detection and determination. We describe several standoff systems that have been developed by ARL and provide a brief overview of standoff LIBS progress at ARL. We also present some current standoff LIBS results from explosive residues on organic substrates and biomaterials from different growth media. These new preliminary results demonstrate that standoff LIBS has the potential to discriminate hazardous materials in more complex backgrounds.
The usefulness of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry–mass spectrometry (LC–MS-MS) methods for the unambiguous identification and quantification of pesticides in complex matrix samples is well known. Triple-quadrupole systems have proven to be useful for this task because of their high specificity in MS-MS mode and their low detection limits. However, working in MS-MS mode makes any MS system blind to other compounds of interest.
This article describes an ion chromatography–mass spectrometry (IC-MS) method for profiling low molecular mass organic acids in consumer beverages and biomass used in biofuel production.
The authors discuss analytical methods for lipidomics.
The authors discuss analytical methods for lipidomics.
The structural complexity of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) challenges the capabilities of even the most advanced chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques. This study examines the use of micro-pillar array columns in combination with mass spectrometry for peptide mapping of both mAbs and antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs).
Multiline analysis, which consists of using several lines per element to detect positive or negative bias caused by spectral interferences, is an ideal way to use all the information emitted by the plasma and collected by a charge-coupled device detector. However, method development and validation become more complex. Dedicated software has been developed to overcome it, and analysis of geological samples will illustrate their benefit in achieving high reliability of results.