August 2024

Sewage pipe discharging dirty water into the clean water of a river, water pollution by industry concept image. Generated by AI. | Image Credit: © Keitma - stock.adobe.com.

This article explores the current landscape of global critical raw materials (CRM) trends in research and the applications of atomic spectroscopy (AS), including inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and X-ray analytical techniques in their identification of diverse industrial and environmental media.