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Although near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is not a particularly sensitive technique, it can be implemented with little or no sample preparation and thus is well suited to applications such as process monitoring, materials science, and medical uses. We asked a panel of experts to comment on important current applications of NIR, as well as emerging new areas of application and the challenges involved in those newer applications.

The analysis of hair samples is gaining increasing interest in forensic science because of several advantages. Hair samples are easy to collect and store. The keratin protein in hair is also quite stable, and the amino acid composition of human hair keratin may vary significantly between individuals. Glen Jackson of West Virginia University has been developing various mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods for forensic analysis of hair samples, and he recently spoke to us about this work.

As a fast, quasi-nondestructive analytical technique, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy is useful for a wide range of applications. To get a sense of the current breadth of XRF’s use and its potential growth in new areas, we asked a panel of experts to comment on the most important application areas for XRF, including the challenges involved and how XRF competes with other techniques.

Spectroscopy

The speciation of trace elements has become much more common in recent years, and in some cases is now required by certain regulatory bodies - such as for the analysis of hexavalent chromium in drinking water. At the same time, speciation methods are becoming sophisticated as researchers try to address more complex questions about how different metal species are transported and interact with the environment and specifically with plants, animals, and humans, often forming complexes with other compounds that are more complicated to analyze. Prof.

Bivalves, such as clams, frequently are used as bioindicators to assess coastal aquatic environments because they can accumulate trace metals and other substances-up to 100 times higher than the concentration levels found in the water in which they live, including elements such as chromium, lead, arsenic, and cadmium, which can be toxic even at low concentrations. Given that many bivalves are consumed by people, this bio-accumulation presents food safety as well as environmental risks.

Spectroscopy

Spectro Scientific (Chelmsford, Massachusetts), a developer and manufacturer of analytical tools and software for fluid and machine condition monitoring, has earned a Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II award of $750,000 for its work in reevaluating the Joint Oil Analysis Program (JOAP) that consolidates and coordinates the oil analysis programs of the U.S. Army, Navy, and Air Force.

Spectroscopy

Agilent Technologies (Santa Clara, California) has awarded an Agilent Thought Leader Award to John A. McLean, who is a Stevenson Professor of Chemistry at Vanderbilt University (Nashville, Tennessee).

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Horiba Scientific?s second annual RamanFest conference was held June 12-13, 2014, in Boston, Massachusetts, in conjunction with Harvard University. The conference took place on the Harvard campus in the Pfizer auditorium. The event chairs were Professor Sunny Xie of Harvard University, Dr. Dan Fu of Harvard University, and Dr. Andrew Whitley of Horiba Scientific. The international, two-day conference featured 16 talks from many well-known scientists as well as 13 posters that were on display both days.