Application Notes: Atomic Spectroscopy

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Recently, the compact MAGPRO’s maximum voltage was increased from 60 kV to 70 kV while maintaining the same size profile. This article highlights the advantages of 70 kV excitation of cadmium, an element of interest for Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (RoHS), at parts per million (ppm) levels.

Limestone is widely used as the main ingredient in cement and mortar, and as an aggregate in concrete and asphalt for building roads. It iis also used as a soil conditioner and is the raw material for making quick lime and slaked lime. During mining and processing operations, limestone composition must be monitored and controlled to ensure proper quality and characteristics are achieved for a variety of products. This application note demonstrates the measurement of carbonates and major oxides in high calcium limestone by EDXRF using empirical calibration.

This application note describes the method for preparation of four large baby food samples by microwave digestion using a minimal acid volume. Analysis by ICP-OES shows successful digestion.

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Hard disk manufacturing requires high levels of precision at nanometer scale for the production of a repeatable product with high memory density. Because hard disks are dependent upon magnetic properties to read and write to each memory unit, the disk has a layered structure comprised of magnetic and nonmagnetic materials. Over the last two decades, extensive work has been done by hard disk manufacturers to reduce grain size, which enables smaller, but consistent magnetic domain sizes and distinct boundaries. This movement toward tighter anufacturing tolerances requires advanced techniques for characterization. Compositional depth profiling with GD-AES enables precise characterization of the size of these thin layers of material.